Metallic Lattice Structures Metals form giant metallic lattices in which the metal ions are surrounded by a ‘sea’ of delocalised electrons The metal ions are often packed in hexagonal layers...
Covalent Lattice Structures Covalent lattices Covalent bonds are bonds between nonmetals in which electrons are shared between the atoms Covalent compounds can be arranged in simple molecula...
Ionic Lattice Structures Most ionic, metallic and covalent solids are crystalline lattices The ions, atoms or molecules are arranged in a regular and repeating arrangement Giant ionic lattic...
Metallic Bonding: Definition Metal atoms are tightly packed together in lattice structures When the metal atoms are in lattice structures, the electrons in their outer shells are free to mov...
Representing Dot & Cross Diagrams Dot and cross diagrams are diagrams that show the arrangement of the outer-shell electrons in an ionic or covalent compound or element The electrons are...
Dative Covalent Bonding In simple covalent bonds, the two atoms involved share electrons Some molecules have a lone pair of electrons that can be donated to form a bond with an electron-defi...
Covalent Bonding Covalent bonding occurs between two non-metals A covalent bond involves the electrostatic attraction between nuclei of two atoms and the bonding electrons of their outer shells No ...
Ionic Bonding As a general rule, metals are on the left of the periodic table and nonmetals are on the right-hand side Ionic bonding involves the transfer of electrons from a metallic elemen...
The Ideal Gas Equation Kinetic theory of gases The kinetic theory of gases states that molecules in gases are constantly moving The theory makes the following assumptions: That gas molecules...
