Edexcel IGCSE Biology: Double Science 复习笔记 2.9.2 Excretion in Humans The Organs of Excretion Humans have organs that are specialised for the removal of certain excretory products Excreto...
Edexcel IGCSE Biology: Double Science 复习笔记 2.9.1 Excretion The Need for Excretion in Humans Many of the necessary metabolic reactions that take place within the cells of organisms produc...
Edexcel IGCSE Biology: Double Science 复习笔记 2.8.7 Blood Vessels & the Circulatory System Blood Vessels There are three main types of blood vessel: Arteries Veins Capillaries Sm...
Hyperbolic Identities & Equations Are there identities linking the hyperbolic functions to the circular trig functions? Yes - these can be seen using de Moivre's Theorem to write Compare these ...
Logarithmic Forms of Inverse Hyperbolic Functions What are the definitions of the inverse hyperbolic functions? Since coshx is a many-to-one function, its domain is restricted to x ≥ 0 when finding...
Hyperbolic Functions & Graphs What are the definitions of the hyperbolic functions? Hyperbolic sine This can be pronounced "shine" or "sinch" Hyperbolic cosine This can be pronounced "cosh" Hyp...
Maclaurin Series What is a Maclaurin Series? A Maclaurin series is a way of representing a function as an infinite sum of increasing integer powers of etc.) If all of the infinite number of terms ...
Method of Differences What is the Method of Differences? The Method of Differences is a way of turning longer and more complicated sums into shorter and simpler ones Sometimes when summing series, ...
Sums of Integers, Squares & Cubes How can we use sigma notation? When writing the sum of a series you can use sigma notation The series can instead be written as This means “the sum of all the...
