Water Molecules: In Living Organisms Water has many essential roles in living organisms due to its properties: The polarity of water molecules The presence and number of hydrogen bonds between wate...
Water Molecules: Hydrogen Bonds Water is of great biological importance. It is the medium in which all metabolic reactions take place in cells. Between 70% to 95% of the mass of a cell is water As ...
The Molecular Structure of Collagen Collagen is the most common structural protein found in vertebrates In vertebrates it is the component of connective tissue which forms: Tendons Cartilage Ligame...
The Molecular Structure of Haemoglobin Structure Haemoglobin is a globular protein which is an oxygen-carrying pigment found in vast quantities in red blood cells It has a quaternary structure as t...
Proteins: Globular & Fibrous Globular Globular proteins are compact, roughly spherical (circular) in shape and soluble in water Globular proteins form a spherical shape when folding into their ...
Proteins: Interactions & Shape A polypeptide chain will fold differently due to the interactions (and hence the bonds that form) between R groups. The three-dimensional configuration that forms...
Proteins: Structures There are four levels of structure in proteins, three are related to a single polypeptide chain and the fourth level relates to a protein that has two or more polypeptide chain...
Amino Acids & the Peptide Bond Proteins Proteins are polymers (and macromolecules) made of monomers called amino acids The sequence, type and number of the amino acids within a protein determin...
The Vital Role of Phospholipids Structure Phospholipids are a type of lipid, therefore they are formed from the monomer glycerol and fatty acids Unlike triglycerides, there are only two fatty acids...
Triglycerides: Basics Lipids Macromolecules which contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms. However, unlike carbohydrates lipids contain a lower proportion of oxygen Non-polar and hydrophobic (ins...
Cellulose: Structure & Function Cellulose is a polysaccharide Polysaccharides are macromolecules that are polymers formed by many monosaccharides joined by glycosidic bonds in a condensation re...
Starch & Glycogen: Structures & Functions Starch and glycogen are polysaccharides Polysaccharides are macromolecules that are polymers formed by many monosaccharides joined by glycosidic bo...
