The Role of Antigens & Antibodies Antigens Every cell in the human body has markers on its cell surface membrane that identify it Microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses also have their own...
Non-specific Immune Responses There are two types of immune response in the body once a pathogen enters Non-specific This response is the same, regardless of the pathogen that invades the body Spec...
说起丘奖，想必大家都不陌生，除了是世界优秀院校敲门砖，还是冲刺藤校的必选学术活动！丘成桐科学奖素有 “中国青年诺贝尔奖”之称，在获奖学生中，有很大一部分都进入了清华、北大、复旦、交大等国内知名院校，还...
EDEXCEL IGCSE CHEMISTRY: DOUBLE SCIENCE 复习笔记：1.4.4 Electronic Configuration & Reactivity Similar Chemical Properties Chemical properties of elements in the same group Elements in th...
EDEXCEL IGCSE CHEMISTRY: DOUBLE SCIENCE 复习笔记：1.4.3 Classify Metals & Non-Metals Classify Metals & Non-Metals We can use properties such as electrical conductivity and acid-base ...
EDEXCEL IGCSE CHEMISTRY: DOUBLE SCIENCE 复习笔记：1.4.2 Electronic Configurations Deducing Electronic Configurations We can represent the electronic structure of atoms using electron shell d...
EDEXCEL IGCSE CHEMISTRY: DOUBLE SCIENCE 复习笔记：1.4.1 Periodic Table: Basics Arrangement of the Periodic Table There are over 100 chemical elements which have been isolated and identified ...
Entry Routes of Pathogens In order for pathogens to cause disease they need to enter the body There are four main ways in which pathogens can enter Broken skin This provides direct access to the ti...
EDEXCEL IGCSE CHEMISTRY: DOUBLE SCIENCE 复习笔记：1.3.2 Calculate Relative Atomic Mass Calculate Relative Atomic Mass The relative atomic mass of each element is calculated from the m...
EDEXCEL IGCSE CHEMISTRY: DOUBLE SCIENCE 复习笔记：1.3.1 Atoms: Definitions & Structure Atoms & Molecules It is important to understand the terms atom and molecule when referring to a...
Structure of Bacteria & Viruses Bacteria Bacteria are small, single-celled prokaryotes Prokaryotic cells are much smaller than eukaryotic cells They also differ from eukaryotic cells in having ...
EDEXCEL IGCSE CHEMISTRY: DOUBLE SCIENCE 复习笔记：1.2.5 Practical: Investigating Paper Chromatography Practical: Investigate Paper Chromatography Using Inks & Food Colourings Objective: Investi...
