Mechanism: Nucleophilic Substitution A nucleophile is an electron-rich species that can donate a pair of electrons ‘Nucleophile’ means ‘nucleus/positive charge loving’ as nucleophiles are at...
Mechanism: Free Radical Substitution Chain reactions A free radical is a species with one (or more than one) unpaired electrons The diagram shows a free radical which has one unpaired electr...
Interpreting a Mass Spectrum Mass spectroscopy is an analytical technique used to identify unknown compounds The molecules in the small sample are bombarded with high energy electrons which ...
Elimination Reactions Elimination Reaction of Alcohols Alcohols can also undergo dehydration to form alkenes This is an example of an elimination reaction Elimination reactions involve a sma...
Combustion of Alcohols Combustion of alcohols Alcohols react with oxygen in the air when ignited and undergo complete combustion to form carbon dioxide and water alcohol + oxygen → carbon di...
申请英本直升，一般最晚需要在当年6-7月前提供最终雅思成绩，因为若不能及时提供合格雅思成绩，便无法换取无条件offer。比如，LSE需要学生在7.31之前递交语言成绩。 眼看着DDL越来越近，然而一些手握offer的A2同...
Oxidation of Alcohols Oxidation of alcohols Primary alcohols can be oxidised to form aldehydes which can undergo further oxidation to form carboxylic acids Secondary alcohols can be oxidised to for...
Alcohol Production Alcohols are compounds that contain at least one hydroxy (-OH) group The general formula of alcohols is CnH2n+1OH Alcohols can be prepared by a wide range of chemical reac...
Disposing of Polymers Though poly(alkenes)s are extremely important in everyday such as their use as plastics, the disposal of these polymers is problematic Poly(alkenes) are very large alka...
Addition Polymers Addition polymerisation Addition polymerisation is one of the most important addition reactions of alkenes which form the basis of the plastics industry Addition polymerisa...
Test for Unsaturation Halogens can be used to test if a molecule is unsaturated (i.e. contains a double bond) Br2(aq) is an orange or yellow solution, called bromine water and this is the ha...
ISSCY 联合国协会写作比赛 是一项针对全球高中生的研究型写作学术活动，为了促进世界各地中学生对人文和社会科学的研究，ISSCY邀请年轻思想者将他们的研究论文提交评审委员会审议。 学生将提交初赛建议，如果被选...
