Correlations & Causal Relationships - The Lungs Correlation is an association or relationship between variables Causation occurs when one variable has an influence or is influenced by an...
Investigating Risk Factors & the Incidence of Lung Disease A risk factor is any factor that correlates with (is linked to) an increased chance of suffering from a particular condition or...
The Effects of Pollution & Smoking on the Incidence of Lung Disease Exposure to pollution and smoking are well-known risk factors in relation to lung disease Environmental pollution sour...
The Effects of Lung Disease There are several disorders or diseases that can prevent lungs from functioning properly They can affect the structure of the alveolar walls (gas exchange surface...
Maths Skill: PVR The volume of air within the lungs of an individual will change depending on their level of activity When at rest, breathing is shallow and steady When exercising, breathing...
Ventilation & Gas Exchange Gas exchange in the lungs requires a concentration gradient Ventilation (mass flow of gases) in the lungs and the continuous flow of blood in the capillaries h...
Edexcel IGCSE Maths 复习笔记 3.9.1 F What is a non-linear graph? A linear graph is a straight-line graph These are easily identified as their equations can always be written in the form y = m...
Edexcel IGCSE Maths 复习笔记 3.8.1 Transformations of Graphs What are graph transformations? You should have come across transformations of shapes – reflections, rotations, translations and enlarge...
Edexcel IGCSE Maths 复习笔记 3.7.1 Perpendicular Lines What are perpendicular lines? You should already know that PARALLEL lines have equal gradients PERPENDICULAR LINES do meet each other and wher...
