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The Refractory Period Very shortly (about 1 ms) after an action potential has been generated in a section of the axon membrane, all the sodium ion voltage-gated channel proteins in this sect...
AQA A Level Biology复习笔记6.2.3 Nerve Impulses
Action Potentials Neurones transmit electrical impulses, which travel extremely quickly along the neurone cell surface membrane from one end of the neurone to the other Unlike a normal elect...
AQA A Level Biology复习笔记6.2.2 Resting Potentials
Resting Potentials Neurones transmit electrical impulses, which travel extremely quickly along the neurone cell surface membrane from one end of the neurone to the other In a resting axon (o...
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Calculating Cardiac Output Cardiac output (CO) is the term used to describe the volume of blood that is pumped by the heart (the left and right ventricle) per unit of time An average adult h...
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Edexcel IGCSE Biology 复习笔记 2.5.4 Practical: Investigating Light & Photosynthesis
Edexcel IGCSE Biology 复习笔记 2.5.4 Practical: Investigating Light & Photosynthesis4 Practical: Investigating Light & Photosynthesis Although plants synthesise glucose during photos...
AQA A Level Biology复习笔记6.1.13 The Autonomic Nervous System
The Autonomic Nervous System There are several circumstances that can cause an individual's heart rate to increase, such as during exercise The brain is involved in this response of the hear...
Edexcel IGCSE Biology 复习笔记 2.5.3 Practical: Investigating Photosynthesis & the Evolution of Oxygen
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AQA A Level Biology复习笔记6.1.12 Investigating Variables that Affect Heart Rate
Investigating Variables that Affect Heart Rate There are a wide range of factors that influence the heart rate of an organism Experiments can be designed to investigate the effect of a named...
