CIE A Level Biology复习笔记3.1.1 Enzymes
Enzymes as Proteins Enzymes are biological catalysts ‘Biological’ because they function in living systems ‘Catalysts’ because they speed up the rate of chemical reactions without being used up or c...
CIE A Level Biology复习笔记2.4.2 The Role of Water in Living Organisms
Water Molecules: In Living Organisms Water has many essential roles in living organisms due to its properties: The polarity of water molecules The presence and number of hydrogen bonds between wate...
CIE A Level Biology复习笔记2.4.1 Water & the Hydrogen Bond
Water Molecules: Hydrogen Bonds Water is of great biological importance. It is the medium in which all metabolic reactions take place in cells. Between 70% to 95% of the mass of a cell is water As ...
CIE A Level Biology复习笔记2.3.6 Collagen
The Molecular Structure of Collagen Collagen is the most common structural protein found in vertebrates In vertebrates it is the component of connective tissue which forms: Tendons Cartilage Ligame...
CIE A Level Biology复习笔记2.3.5 Haemoglobin
The Molecular Structure of Haemoglobin Structure Haemoglobin is a globular protein which is an oxygen-carrying pigment found in vast quantities in red blood cells It has a quaternary structure as t...
CIE A Level Biology复习笔记2.3.4 Globular & Fibrous Proteins
Proteins: Globular & Fibrous Globular Globular proteins are compact, roughly spherical (circular) in shape and soluble in water Globular proteins form a spherical shape when folding into their ...
CIE A Level Biology复习笔记2.3.3 Protein Shape
Proteins: Interactions & Shape A polypeptide chain will fold differently due to the interactions (and hence the bonds that form) between R groups. The three-dimensional configuration that forms...
CIE A Level Biology复习笔记2.3.2 The Four Levels of Protein Structure
Proteins: Structures There are four levels of structure in proteins, three are related to a single polypeptide chain and the fourth level relates to a protein that has two or more polypeptide chain...
CIE A Level Biology复习笔记2.3.1 Amino Acids & the Peptide Bond
Amino Acids & the Peptide Bond Proteins Proteins are polymers (and macromolecules) made of monomers called amino acids The sequence, type and number of the amino acids within a protein determin...
