CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记3.9.3 Synthetic Routes
Analysis of Synthetic Routes
- Students should be able to critically analyse given synthetic routes and determine whether appropriate reagents and reaction conditions are used
- Students should also be able to predict possible by-product of a synthetic reaction
Worked Example: Two-step synthesis
Answer
The correct answer is D
The first step involves a nucleophilic addition of CN- using NaCN as catalyst and heat to form a hydroxynitrile.
In the second step, the nitrile is refluxed with dilute aqueous sulfuric acid causing hydrolysis of the nitrile forming a carboxylic acid and ammonium salt.
Worked Example: Synthesis of hexanoic acid
Answer
The correct answer is C
Halogenoalkanes can undergo nucleophilic substitution with ethanolic KCN in which the CN- ion acts as a nucleophile and replaces the chlorine atom in 1-chloropentane to form a nitrile.
The treatment of nitriles with concentrated hydrochloric acid will produce a carboxylic acid and an ammonium salt.
In this case, hexanoic acid and ammonium chloride will be formed.
转载自savemyexams
以上就是关于【CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记3.9.3 Synthetic Routes】的解答，如需了解学校/赛事/课程动态，可至翰林教育官网获取更多信息。
往期文章阅读推荐：
CAIE A-Level分数线新鲜出炉！三大考试局查分攻略+出分急救指南速览！
翰林AMC8视频课重磅上线！
国际竞赛真题资源免费领取
