CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记3.5.3 Reaction with HCN
Reaction of Hydrogen Cyanide with Aldehydes & Ketones The carbonyl group -C=O, in aldehydes and ketones is polarised The oxygen atom is more electronegative than carbon drawing electron density...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记3.5.2 Reactions of Aldehydes & Ketones
Reactions of Aldehydes & Ketones Reduction of aldehyde & ketones Aldehydes and ketones can be reduced by reducing agents such as NaBH4 or LiAlH4 Aldehydes are reduced to primary alcohols Ke...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记3.5.1 Production of Aldehydes & Ketones
Production of Aldehydes & Ketones Aldehydes and ketones are carbonyl compounds containing a C=O group They can be prepared from the oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols respectively Oxid...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记3.4.4 Alcohol Dissociation
Acidity of Alcohols Alcohols have a low degree of dissociation This means, that when dissolved in water, alcohol molecules do not dissociate (split up) to a great extent ROH (aq) ⇄ RO- (aq) + H+ (a...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记3.4.3 Classifying and Testing for Alcohols
Classifying Alcohols Primary alcohols are alcohols in which the carbon atom bonded to the -OH group is attached to one other carbon atom (or alkyl group) Secondary alcohols are alcohols in which th...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记3.4.2 Reactions of Alcohols
Reactions of Alcohols Alcohols are reactive molecules which undergo a wide range of reactions Combustion of alcohols Alcohols react with oxygen in the air when ignited and undergo complete combusti...
最后一周！2022年纽约时报夏季读写比赛即将结束，速度报名！
2022《纽约时报》夏季读写比赛 报名即将截止！ 学术活动时间：2022年6月10日-8月19日 2022纽约时报夏季读写比赛 自2010年起， 《纽约时报》每年夏天都会举办的夏季读写比赛，目前全球已有超过8万名中学生参与...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记3.4.1 Production of Alcohols
Production of Alcohols Alcohols are compounds that contain at least one hydroxy (-OH) group The general formula of alcohols is CnH2n+1OH Alcohols can be prepared by a wide range of chemical reactio...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记3.3.5 Reactivity of Halogenoalkanes
Reactivity of Halogenoalkanes The halogenoalkanes have different rates of substitution reactions Since substitution reactions involve breaking the carbon-halogen bond the bond energies can be used ...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记3.3.4 SN1 & SN2
Halogenoalkanes: SN1 & SN2 Mechanisms In nucleophilic substitution reactions involving halogenoalkanes, the halogen atom is replaced by a nucleophile These reactions can occur in two different ...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记3.3.3 Elimination Reactions of Halogenoalkanes
Halogenoalkanes: Elimination Reactions In an elimination reaction, an organic molecule loses a small molecule In the case of halogenoalkanes this small molecule is a hydrogen halide (eg. HCl) The h...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记3.3.2 Substitution Reactions of Halogenoalkanes
Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions of Halogenoalkanes Halogenoalkanes are much more reactive than alkanes due to the presence of the electronegative halogens The halogen-carbon bond is polar causi...
