AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记8.2.6 Colorimetry & Complex Ions
Colorimetry & Complex Ions Colorimetry & Complex Ions Colorimetry can be used to measure the absorption of radiation using a colorimeter This uses a lamp as a source of white light, ...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记8.2.5 Vanadium Oxidation States
Vanadium Oxidation States Vanadium Oxidation States Vanadium is a transition metal which has variable oxidation states Vanadate(V) ions can be reduced to oxidised vanadium species with the o...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记8.2.4 Redox Titrations
Redox Titrations Redox Titrations Iron has variable oxidation states and this characteristic can be exploited in redox titrations of Fe2+ with MnO4- or Cr2O72- Both the manganate(VII) ion an...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记8.2.3 Ligand Substitution Experiments
Ligand Substitution Experiments Ligand Substitution Experiments The factors that affect the colour formed for different transition metal ion solutions are: type of ligand change in oxidation...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记8.2.2 Testing Period 3 Oxides
Testing Period 3 Oxides Forming Period 3 Oxides Period 3 elements from sodium to sulfur react with oxygen, forming an oxide with the period 3 element in its highest possible oxidation state ...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记8.1.10 Making Buffers
Making Buffers Buffers can be made by a direct or indirect method The direct method involves measuring out the exact quantities needed of a solution of a weak acid and its salt The indirect ...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记8.1.9 Titration Curves
Titration Curves Titration or pH curves are obtained by reacting known concentrations of acid with alkalis and measuring the pH during the neutralisation A suitable selection to use would be...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记8.1.8 Finding Ka
Finding Ka The Ka of a weak acid may be determined by finding the pH at the half equivalence point At the half equivalence point Ka = [H+] Key steps in the procedure A pH probe or meter is c...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记8.1.7 Making Simple Cells
Making Simple Cells Simple cells can be used to investigate the effect of different electrode combinations on the EMF produced by an electrochemical cell Key steps in the procedure The metal...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记8.1.6 Determination of Kc
Determination of Kc The determination of an equilibrium constant can be carried out in a school laboratory using an esterification reaction between ethanol and ethanoic acid in the presence ...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记8.1.5 Iodine Clock Reaction
Iodine Clock Reaction Clock reactions are so called because they show a sharp dramatic colour change after a period of time has elapsed They make ideal reactions for studying kinetics Iodine...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记8.1.4 Entropy of Vaporisation
Entropy of Vaporisation The entropy change when water boils can be measured using a kettle and a top pan balance At the boiling point, liquid water and water vapour exist in equilibrium so t...
