Eukaryotic Cell Structure Compartmentalized cell structure Eukaryotic cells have a more complex ultrastructure than prokaryotic cells The cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells is divided up into membrane-b...
Prokaryotic Cell Structure The cell structure of organisms determines whether they are prokaryotic or eukaryotic Prokaryotes have the simplest cell structure, being the first organisms to evolve on...
Endosymbiotic Theory Endosymbiosis Endosymbiosis is where one organism lives within another If the relationship is beneficial to both organisms the engulfed organism is not digested For endosymbios...
Spontaneous Generation Pre-existing cells In 1852 Robert Remak made the conclusion that cells divided to form new cells, that is cells came from pre-existing cells His conclusion was reached after ...
Practical 1: Using a Microscope Many biological structures are too small to be seen by the naked eye Optical (light) microscopes are an invaluable tool for scientists as they allow for tissues, cel...
Stem Cells A stem cell is a cell that can divide (by mitosis) an unlimited number of times Each new cell (produced when a stem cell divides) has the potential to remain a stem cell or to develop in...
Emergent Properties Multicellular organisms are able to undertake functions that unicellular organisms cannot, e.g. move over vast distances and digest large macromolecules Scientists sometimes sum...
Surface Area to Volume Ratio Materials constantly being exchanged across the plasma membrane The volume/mass of cytoplasm (as this is where the reactions take place)For cells to survive, metabolic ...
Functions of Life Unicellular (single-celled) and multicellular (many cells) organisms must carry out the following functions to stay alive: Metabolism - all the enzyme-catalysed reactions occurrin...
