Environment & Gene Expression Environment and Gene Expression An organism’s internal or external environment can influence gene expression patterns The levels of regulatory proteins or transcri...
The Promoter Region The function of the promoter Only some DNA sequences code for the production of polypeptides, these are called coding sequences Non-coding sequences produce functional RNA molec...
Skills: Nucleosomes & Molecular Visualisation Software Molecular visualisation software can be used to help understand molecular structures Macromolecules like protein, DNA, RNA and complex car...
Skills: The Hershey & Chase Experiment Which Biomolecule is the Heritable Material? DNA was identified in 1869 but many scientists assumed that protein was the heritable material owing to the f...
DNA Sequencing Application: Use of nucleotides containing dideoxyribonucleic acid to stop DNA replication in preparation of samples for base sequencing DNA sequencing allows for the nucleotide base...
Non-coding Regions of DNA DNA molecules are very long but only certain regions code for the production of polypeptides These are called coding sequences In humans only 1.5% of the genome contains c...
Leading Strand & Lagging Strand Double-stranded DNA consists of two antiparallel strands (oriented in opposite directions) During DNA replication, the two strands are ‘unzipped’ and DNA polymer...
Nucleosomes Unlike most prokaryotic DNA which is referred to as ‘naked’, eukaryotic nuclear DNA is associated with proteins called histones (to form chromatin) Histones package the DNA into structu...
Male & Female Diagrams You should be able to annotate diagrams of the female and male reproductive systems to show the names of the different structures You should also be able to recall the fu...
