Maxwell-Boltzmann Curves Boltzmann distribution curve The Boltzmann distribution curve is a graph that shows the distribution of energies at a certain temperature In a sample of a substance, a few ...
Explaining Rates Concentration The more concentrated a solution is, the greater the number of particles in a given volume of solvent An increase in concentration causes in an increased collision fr...
Rate Experiments During a reaction, the reactants are used up and changed into the products This means that as the reaction proceeds, the concentration of the reactants is decreasing and the concen...
Activation Energy For a reaction to take place, the reactant particles need to overcome a minimum amount of energy This energy is called the activation energy (Ea) In exothermic reactions the react...
Measuring Rates To measure the rate of a reaction, we need to be able to measure either how quickly the reactants are used up or how quickly the products are formed The method used for measuring de...
Rate of Reaction Reaction rate Some reactions take place instantly, but most are much slower and it is possible to measure how long these reactions take to reach a certain stage As a chemical react...
Kinetic Theory The kinetic theory developed in the 18th century out of a need to explain how it is that gases exert pressure inside a container Theories about gas particles and movement were extend...
Case study: Ozone & Bond Strength A study of bond enthalpy can explain why ozone and oxygen in the atmosphere play very different roles in the flow of energy These processes have a profound eff...
Energy Profiles An energy profile or energy level diagram is a diagram that shows the energies of the reactants, the transition state(s) and the products of the reaction with time The transition st...
