CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记5.5.8 The Common Ion Effect
Solubility Product & the Common Ion Effect A saturated solution is a solution that contains the maximum amount of dissolved salt If a second compound, which has an ion in common with the dissol...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记5.5.7 Solubility Product Calculations
Calculating the Solubility Product Calculations involving the solubility product (Ksp) may include:: Calculating the solubility product of a compound from its solubility Calculating the solubility ...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记5.5.6 Solubility Product
Solubility Product Solubility is defined as the number of grams or moles of compound needed to saturate 100 g of water, or it can also be defined in terms of 1 kg of water, at a given temperature F...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记5.5.5 Buffer Calculations
Calculating pH of Buffer Solutions The pH of a buffer solution can be calculated using: The Ka of the weak acid The equilibrium concentration of the weak acid and its conjugate base (salt) To deter...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记5.5.4 Buffers
Buffers A buffer solution is a solution in which the pH does not change a lot when small amounts of acids or alkalis are added A buffer solution is used to keep the pH almost constant A buffer can ...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记5.5.3 pH & [H+] Calculations
Calculating [H+] & pH If the concentration of H+ of an acid or alkali is known, the pH can be calculated using the equation: pH = -log [H+] Similarly, the concentration of H+ of a solution can ...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记5.5.2 pH, Ka, pKa & Kw Calculations
Calculating pH, Ka, pKA & Kw pH The pH indicates the acidity or basicity of an acid or alkali The pH scale goes from 0 to 14 Acids have pH between 0-7 Pure water is neutral and has a pH of 7 Ba...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记5.5.1 Acids & Bases
Conjugate Acids & Bases A Brønsted acid is a species that can donate a proton For example, hydrogen chloride (HCl) is a Brønsted acid as it can lose a proton to form a hydrogen (H+) and chlorid...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记5.4.6 Standard Electrode Potentials: Free Energy Change
Calculating Free Energy Change Using Standard Electrode Potentials The standard free energy change can be calculated using the standard cell potential of an electrochemical cell ΔGꝋ = - n x Ecellꝋ ...
