Doppler Shift of Sound The whistle of a train or the siren of an ambulance appears to decrease in frequency (sounds lower in pitch) as it moves further away from you This frequency change due to th...
Properties of Transverse & Longitudinal Waves In mechanical waves, particles oscillate about fixed points The direction of oscillations with regards to the direction of wave travel determine wh...
Wave Intensity Progressive waves transfer energy The amount of energy passing through a unit area per unit time is the intensity of the wave Therefore, the intensity is defined as power per unit ar...
Derivation of v = f λ Using the definitions of speed, frequency and wavelength, the wave equation v = fλ can be derived This is an important relationship between three key properties of a wave The ...
Cathode-Ray Oscilloscope A Cathode-Ray Oscilloscope is a laboratory instrument used to display, measure and analyse waveforms of electrical circuits An A.C. current on an oscilloscope is represente...
Wave Motion Energy is transferred through moving oscillations or vibrations. These can be seen in vibrations of ropes or springs Waves can be shown through vibrations in ropes or springs The oscill...
Area under a Force-Extension Graph The work done in stretching a material is equal to the force multiplied by the distance moved Therefore, the area under a force-extension graph is equal to the wo...
Elastic & Plastic Deformation Elastic deformation: when the load is removed, the object will return to its original shape Plastic deformation: when the load is removed, the object will not retu...
Stress, Strain & the Young Modulus Stress Tensile stress is the applied force per unit cross sectional area of a material Stress equation The ultimate tensile stress is the maximum force per or...
