The Components of AD Aggregate demand (AD) is the total demand for all goods/services in an economy at any given average price level Its value is often calculated using the expenditure approach AD ...
Components of the Balance of Payments The Balance of Payments (BoP) for a country is a record of all the financial transactions that occur between it and the rest of the world The BoP has two main ...
Measures of Unemployment Someone is considered to be unemployed if they are not working but actively seeking work They are part of the labour force A country's population is divided into the...
Inflation, Deflation & Disinflation Inflation is the sustained increase in the average price level of goods/services in an economy The average price level is measured by checking the pri...
Economic Growth Gross Domestic Product (GDP) National income accounting measures the economic activity within a country and provides insights into how a country is performing One of the main...
如果目标高分，A-level和IG考试是具有一定压力的。可是如果目标只是PASS，就轻松很多。那么A-level和IG考多少分算过？ 官方说法，英国政府要求GCSE成绩达到4或以上算过，A-level成绩需要达到E。而高分过（high pa...
Government Failure Government failure occurs when the government intervenes in a market to correct market failure, but the intervention results in a more inefficient allocation of resources from so...
Government Intervention in Markets Nearly every economy in the world is a mixed economy and has varying degrees of government intervention Governments intervention is necessary for several reasons ...
Information Gaps Information gaps exist in nearly all free markets and distort market outcomes resulting in market failure One of the underlying assumptions of a free market is that there is perfec...
