Longitudinal Waves Longitudinal Waves A longitudinal wave is one where the particles oscillate parallel to the; Propagation of the wave Direction of energy transfer Longitudinal waves show areas of...
The Wave Equation The Wave Equation This equation links wave speed, frequency and wavelength Where: v = velocity of the wave (m s–1) f = frequency of the wave (Hz) λ = wavelength (m) The wav...
Properties of Waves Waves are generated by oscillating sources These oscillations travel away from the source Oscillations can propagate through a medium (e.g. air, water) or in a vac...
Area Under a Force-Extension Graph For a material which obeys Hooke's law, the elastic strain energy, Eel can be determined by finding the area under the force-extension graph Since this are...
Core Practical 5: Investigating Young Modulus of a Material To measure the Young Modulus of a metal in the form of a wire requires a clamped horizontal wire over a pulley (or vertical wire a...
Stress-Strain Graphs Stress-strain curves give an indication of the properties of materials such as Up to what stress and strain they obey Hooke's Law Whether they exhibit elastic and/or pla...
Force-Extension Graphs The way a material responds to a tensile or compressive force can be shown on a force-extension, or a force-compression graph Although compression can be put into equa...
Stress & Strain Stress Stress is the applied force per unit cross sectional area of a material Forces can be; Tensile forces, which pull on an object and extend it Compressive forces, which pus...
Hooke's Law When a force F is added to the bottom of a vertical metal wire of length L, the wire stretches A material obeys Hooke’s Law if: The extension of the material is directly proportional to...
