Formation of Polyamides Amide link Polyamides are also formed using condensation polymerisation An amide link - also known as a peptide link - is the key functional group in a polyamide Monomers A ...
Formation of Polyesters Addition polymerisation has been covered in reactions of alkenes They are made using monomers that have C-C double bonds joined together to form polymers such as (poly)ethen...
Electrophoresis Electrophoresis is an analytical technique which separates ions by placing them in an electrical field This method is often used in biochemical analysis to identify and purify prote...
Formation of Peptide Bonds Each amino acid contains an amine (-NH2) and carboxylic acid (-COOH) group The -NH2 group of one amino acid can react with the -COOH group of another amino acid in a cond...
Acid / Base Properties of Amino Acids, Zwitterions & the Isoelectric Point Amino acids are organic compounds that contain two functional groups: A basic amino (-NH2) group An acidic carboxylic ...
Relative Basicity of Amides & Amines A base is a species that can donate its lone pair of electrons to form a dative covalent bond with another species Amines are basic as the nitrogen atom has...
Reactions of Amides Amides are formed from the condensation reaction of carboxylic acids or acyl chlorides with ammonia or amines The amide group (CONR2) in these compounds can undergo reactions in...
Azo Compounds Azo (or diazonium) compounds are organic compounds that have an R1-N=N-R2 group They are often used as dyes and are formed in a coupling reaction between the diazonium ion and an alka...
Relative Basicity of Aqueous Ammonia, Ethylamine & Phenylamine Ammonia and amines act as bases as they can donate their lone pair of electrons to form a dative covalent bond with a proton The b...
Preparation of Phenylamine Phenylamine is an organic compound consisting of a benzene ring and an amine (NH2) functional group It can be produced in a three-step synthesis reaction followed by the ...
Basicity of Aqueous Solutions of Amines The nitrogen atom in ammonia and amine molecules can accept a proton (H+ ion) They can therefore act as bases in aqueous solutions by donating its lone pair ...
Production of Amides Amides are organic compounds with an -CONR2 functional group They can be prepared from the condensation reaction between an acyl chloride and ammonia or amine In a condensation...
