Edexcel A Level Chemistry:复习笔记3.3.5 Saturation Test
Saturation Test Halogens can be used to test if a molecule is unsaturated (i.e. contains a double bond) Br2(aq) is an orange or yellow solution, called bromine water and this is the halogen ...
澳大利亚理化生ASOP/ASOC/ASOB挑战报名倒计时！
对于打算留学澳大利亚的小伙伴 想要参加理化生类的国际比赛 可千万不能错过这个高含金量活动 ▼ 由澳大利亚科学创新学会ASI主办 澳大利亚国立大学鼎力支持的 澳大利亚3大奥林匹克活动 物理ASOP、化学ASOC、生物AS...
Edexcel A Level Chemistry:复习笔记3.3.4 Electrophilic Addition Mechanism
Electrophilic Addition Mechanism Electrophilic addition of hydrogen halides Hydrogen halides such as hydrogen bromide (HBr) are polar as the hydrogen and halogen atoms have different electro...
Edexcel A Level Chemistry:复习笔记3.3.3 Electrophilic Addition
Electrophilic Addition The double bond in alkenes is an area of high electron density (there are four electrons found in this double bond) This makes the double bond susceptible to attack by...
Edexcel A Level Chemistry:复习笔记3.3.2 Bonding in Alkenes
Bonding in Alkenes Each carbon atom has four electrons in its outer shell (electronic configuration: 1s22s22p2) Carbon atoms share these four electrons in four covalent bonds with other atom...
Edexcel A Level Chemistry:复习笔记3.3.1 Describing Alkenes
Describing Alkenes All alkenes contain a double carbon bond, which is shown as two lines between two of the carbon atoms i.e. C=C All alkenes contain a double carbon bond, which is the funct...
Edexcel A Level Chemistry:复习笔记3.2.5 Free Radicals
Free Radical Substitution of Alkanes Alkanes can undergo free-radical substitution in which a hydrogen atom gets substituted by a halogen (chlorine / bromine) Since alkanes are very unreacti...
Edexcel A Level Chemistry:复习笔记3.2.4 Reducing Pollution
Catalytic Converters To reduce the amount of pollutants released in car exhaust fumes, many cars are now fitted with catalytic converters Precious metals (such as platinum) are coated on a h...
Edexcel A Level Chemistry:复习笔记3.2.3 Pollution from Combustion
Causes & Effects of Pollution Alkanes are combusted (burnt) on a large scale for their use as fuels Complete combustion When alkanes are burnt in excess (plenty of) oxygen, complete comb...
Edexcel A Level Chemistry:复习笔记3.2.2 Alkane Fuels
Alkane Fuels Alkanes are obtained from the fractional distillation and cracking of crude oil Fractional distillation of crude oil Crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons containing alkanes, c...
Edexcel A Level Chemistry:复习笔记3.2.1 Describing Alkanes
Describing Alkanes Hydrocarbons are compounds containing hydrogen and carbon only There are four families of hydrocarbons you should know: alkanes, alkenes, alkynes and arenes Alkanes, alken...
Edexcel A Level Chemistry:复习笔记3.1.5 Stereoisomerism
E/Z Isomerism Stereoisomers are compounds that have the same atoms connected to each other, however the atoms are differently arranged in space Geometrical (E/Z) isomerism Geometrical isomer...
