What is expanding one bracket? When we expand brackets in algebra we ‘get rid of’ the brackets by multiplying out Expanding one bracket is done by multiplying everything inside the bracket by the f...
Required Practical: Measuring Enzyme Activity The progress of enzyme-catalysed reactions can be investigated by: Measuring the rate of formation of a product using catalase Measuring the rat...
How Enzymes Work The lock-and-key hypothesis Enzymes are globular proteins This means their shape (as well as the shape of the active site of an enzyme) is determined by the complex tertiary...
Mode of Enzyme Action Enzymes have an active site where specific substrates bind forming an enzyme-substrate complex The active site of an enzyme has a specific shape to fit a specific subst...
The Molecular Structure of Collagen Collagen is the most common structural protein found in vertebrates In vertebrates it is the component of connective tissue which forms: Tendons Cartilage...
The Molecular Structure of Haemoglobin Structure Haemoglobin is a globular protein which is an oxygen-carrying pigment found in vast quantities in red blood cells It has a quaternary structu...
Proteins: Globular & Fibrous Globular Globular proteins are compact, roughly spherical (circular) in shape and soluble in water Globular proteins form a spherical shape when folding into...
Biochemical Tests: Proteins The biuret test for proteins A liquid solution of a sample is treated with sodium or potassium hydroxide to make the solution alkaline A few drops of copper (II) ...
Proteins: Interactions & Shape A polypeptide chain will fold differently due to the interactions (and hence the bonds that form) between R groups. The three-dimensional configuration that forms...
Proteins: Structures & Functions There are four levels of structure in proteins, three are related to a single polypeptide chain and the fourth level relates to a protein that has two or...
Chromatography: Amino Acids Chromatography is a technique that can be used to separate a mixture into its individual components Chromatography relies on differences in the solubility of the ...
Lipid Diagrams & Properties Triglycerides are a form of lipid They are made up of one molecule of glycerol with three fatty acids attached to it These fatty acids have long hydrocarbon ‘...
