Edexcel IGCSE Physics: Double Science 复习笔记： 2.3.4 Electricity & Heat

• When electricity passes through a component, such as a resistor, some of the electrical energy is turned into heat therefore increasing its temperature
• This is because energy is transferred as a result of collisions between:
  • Electrons flowing in the conductor, and
  • The lattice of atoms within the metal conductor

   

• Electricity, in metals, is caused by a flow of electrons
  • This is called the current

   

• Metals are made up of a lattice of ions
• As the electrons pass through the metal lattice they collide with ions
  • The ions resist the flow of the electrons

   

As electrons flow through the metal, they collide with ions, making them vibrate more

• When the electrons collide, they lose some energy by giving it to the ions, which start to vibrate more
  • As a result of this, the metal heats up

   

• This heating effect is utilised in many appliances, including:
  • Electric heaters
  • Electric ovens
  • Electric hob
  • Toasters
  • Kettles

   

The heating effect of current can be used for many applications such as electric hobs

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